Thursday, 24 May 2018

May 24: None but ourselves can free our minds.


On this day, 24 May...

1844 - Samuel F.B. Morse transmitted the message, "What hath God wrought!" from the U.S. Supreme Courtroom Washington D.C. to his partner, Alfred Vail, in the Mount Clare station of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad Co. Vail responded by retransmitting the same message back to Morse. Thus, Morse formally opened America's first telegraph line, an event that inaugurated America's telegraph industry. The biblical text, from Numbers, Ch 23, verse 23, was selected by Annie Ellsworth, the teenage daughter of the Commissioner of Patents.

1862 - A field telegraph was used for the first time in U.S. warfare. This was the time of the American Civil War. An army general's headquarters was connected by wire to an advance guard several miles away.

1862 - The first trial run of a train was made in London through the Metropolitan underground line, the world's first underground passenger railway. Charles Pearson first proposed the underground method to relieve congestion in London. The Metropolitan Railway Co. was founded in Aug 1854. After financial delays, the first shaft was sunk at Euston Square, in 1860. The tunnel was built by "cut-and-cover" whereby a trench was dug to the rail level, then covered with beams and a new surface.

1892 - Thomas A. Edison has issued three patents for an "Electric Locomotive" and a fourth patent relating to an "Electric Railway".

1938 - A U.S. patent was issued for a Coin Controlled Parking Meter to Carl C. McGee of Oklahoma City, Oklahoma.

1940 – Igor Sikorsky performs the first successful single-rotor helicopter flight.

1991 - The body of Rajiv Gandhi, India's assassinated former premier and son of the late Indira Gandhi, was cremated in New Delhi today. He was killed by a suicide bomber in the southern state of Tamil Nadu three days ago. Police suspect that Tamil rebels, fighting for independence in Sri Lanka, carried out the murder. Gandhi's death signaled the end of the Nehru dynasty's rule over India. His two children were too young to assume the leadership of this turbulent nation. There was pressure for Sonia Gandhi to succeed her husband, but she was Italian-born and refused.

Born

1686 -  Gabriel Fahrenheit, he was a German-Dutch physicist and instrument maker (meteorological). He lived in Holland for most of his life. He invented the alcohol thermometer (1709) and the mercury thermometer (1714) and developed the Fahrenheit temperature scale. 

1955 – Rajesh Roshan, music director.

1956 - Gautam Buddha's 2500th birth anniversary was celebrated.

1965 - Rajdeep Sardesai, journalist.

RIP

1543 -   Nicolaus Copernicus, the Polish astronomer who proposed the heliocentric model of the Solar System in which all the planets orbit around the Sun at the center.

1999 - Noted wrestling coach Dronacharya awardee Guru Hanuman passed away in a road accident near Meerut.

2000 – Majrooh Sultanpuri, poet, and songwriter. Real name Asrar Ul Hassan Khan, he changed it to ‘Majrooh’, which means ‘wounded’ and suffixed it with the place he was from in UP.  Starting with ‘Shajahan’ he wrote lyrics for over 300 films. The song ‘Chahunga Main Tujhe Saanjh Savere’  from ‘Dosti’, won him the first and only Filmfare Award. (One of his most famous verse was ‘Main akela hee Chala Tha Janine manzil Magar, log Saath Aate Gaye our caravan Banta Gaya’).

Titbits

1830 – "Mary Had a Little Lamb" by Sarah Josepha Hale is published. {It is an original poem by Sarah Josepha Hale and was inspired by an actual incident. As a young girl, Mary Sawyer (later Mary Tyler) kept a pet lamb that she took to school one day at the suggestion of her brother. This expectedly led to a commotion. Mary recalled: "Visiting the school that morning was a young man by the name of John Roulstone.  The young man was very much pleased with the incident of the lamb, and the next day he rode across the fields on horseback to the little old schoolhouse and handed me a slip of paper which had written upon it the three original stanzas of the poem..."

There are two competing theories on the origin of this poem. One holds that Roulstone wrote the first four lines and that the final twelve lines, less childlike than the first, were composed by Sarah Josepha Hale; the other is that Hale was responsible for the entire poem}.

You may have known...

The term ‘second’ in a clock got its name because it is the second unit divided by 60 after the first, which is minute.

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